The Mediterranean water stabilizes at this depth2 (see figure 13).
Figure 13: The Mediterranean sea
water as it enters the Atlantic over the Gibraltar sill with its own warm,
saline, and less dense characteristics, because of the barrier that
distinguishes between them. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius
(C°). (Marine Geology, Kuenen, p. 43, with a slight enhancement.)
(Click on the image to enlarge it.)
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Although there are large waves, strong currents,
and tides in these seas, they do not mix or transgress this barrier.
The Holy Quran mentioned that there is a barrier
between two seas that meet and that they do not transgress. God has said:
එකට එකතුවන සමුද්රයන් දෙකම ඔහු හමුවන්නට සැලැස්සුවේය .නමුත් ඒවා අතර එක් බාධකයක් ඇත .(එම බාධකය )එම සමුද්රයන් දෙකම ඉක්මවා නොයන්නේය (Quran, 55:19-20)
But when the Quran speaks about the divider
between fresh and salt water, it mentions the existence of “a forbidding
partition” with the barrier. God has said in the Quran:
ඔහු මුහුදු දෙකෙහිම ජලය එකට එකතු කරන්නේය .එයින් එකක් ඉතාමත් රසවත් ජලයයි .අනිත් එක ලුණු හා තිත්ත රසැති ජලයයි .මේ දෙක අතර වෙනස් කල නොහැකි බාධකයක් ඇති කර ඇත්තේය (Quran, 25:53)
One may ask, why did the Quran mention the
partition when speaking about the divider between fresh and salt water, but did
not mention it when speaking about the divider between the two seas?
Modern science has discovered that in estuaries,
where fresh (sweet) and salt water meet, the situation is somewhat different
from what is found in places where two seas meet. It has been discovered that
what distinguishes fresh water from salt water in estuaries is a “pycnocline
zone with a marked density discontinuity separating the two layers.”3
This partition (zone of separation) has a different salinity from
the fresh water and from the salt water4
(see
figure 14).
Figure 14: Longitudinal section
showing salinity (parts per thousand ‰) in an estuary. We can see
here the partition (zone of separation) between the fresh and the salt
water. (Introductory Oceanography, Thurman, p. 301, with a slight
enhancement.) (Click on the image to enlarge it.)
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This information has been discovered only
recently, using advanced equipment to measure temperature, salinity, density,
oxygen dissolubility, etc. The human eye cannot see the difference between the
two seas that meet, rather the two seas appear to us as one homogeneous sea.
Likewise, the human eye cannot see the division of water in estuaries into the
three kinds: fresh water, salt water, and the partition (zone of separation).
Footnotes:
(1) Principles of
Oceanography, Davis, pp. 92-93.
(2) Principles of
Oceanography, Davis, p. 93.
(3) Oceanography,
Gross, p. 242. Also see Introductory Oceanography, Thurman, pp.
300-301.
(4) Oceanography,
Gross, p. 244, and Introductory Oceanography, Thurman, pp. 300-301.
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